Batak/Deli Horse Breed
Similar to the Manipuris are the Batak or Deli ponies of Sumatra. These ponies were grown in the Batak hills of that island and then shipped in huge numbers to Singapore through the port of Deli. However, they differ significantly from the Mongolian and Yarkandi types, which have more or less decidedly ewe-necks, as a result of a significant infusion of Arab blood, as evidenced by their handsome, well-bred-looking heads and high-crested necks. This difference is due to the fact that the Mongolian and Yarkandi types lack the influence of Arab blood.
They only attain a maximum height of around 12.1 or 12.2 hands, but their average height is just about 11.3 hands. Skewbalds are by no means rare, despite the fact that the majority are brown. A second type of pony is indigenous to Sumatra, and it derives its name from the Gayoe hills, which are located in the island’s far northern region.
Karabair and Lokai Horse Breed
Both of these breeds are a mixture of Mongol and Arab blood, and as a result of the expansive pastures in their native Uzbekistan, they have evolved into fine horses of two distinct types: a light saddle or packhorse with good conformation that is bred in the mountainous regions of Uzbekistan, and a heavier harness-type that is bred in the valleys and foothills of the country. Both of them have achieved a high level of dexterity and quickness while preserving a friendly and approachable demeanor.
Timor Pony Breed
This pony has a solid reputation in both Australia and New Zealand, and it has a long history of successful employment in both harness and saddle work. In addition to this, it can sometimes be observed in the show ring. Even if they are allowed, colors are not defined; in fact, it appears that the breed can be found in any color. It is noteworthy to note that an attractive blend usually occurs as a chocolate body with cream patches and a cream mane and tail, which suggests the Appaloosa type.
The perfect pony would have a healthy girth and be robust all the way across the back and quarters. These Timor ponies are active, sure-footed, and tireless, and they are equipped with a significant amount of innate understanding. As a result of this, they are utilized primarily for stock work, which is a role that is well suited to them given that even considerable heavyweights do not appear to bother them in any way. They are indigenous to the island of Timor, which is part of Indonesia.
Mongolian Horse Breed
This horse, or rather pony, is among the most ancient of the types of Equus Caballus, and it can be found all over Mongolia, that vast, desolate area that stretches from Manchuria in the east to Turkestan in the west, and that is bounded on the north by Siberia and on the south by Tibet and China. It can be found both domesticated and free-roaming. Since the Buriats and other Mongolian tribes keep and breed such a large number of these ponies, they are highly hardy and resilient animals. This is to be anticipated given the harsh environment in which they live.
In the eastern regions of Mongolia, they are in high demand for export to China for the purposes of polo and racing. There, they are also bred with other foreign breeds that are brought in from other countries; this is how the so-called China pony came to be; however, the China pony is not actually a breed at all. There is no doubt that in the distant past, Mongolian ponies and Arabs bred together in the west to produce the Turkoman horses that are found in Turkestan.
Their impact can also be observed further south, in Tibet and in the Himalayas, in the hill ponies of those places, such as Spiti, Bhutan, Yarkand, and so on, which are all clearly very closely linked to the Mongolian. Neither does the influence that it has there. There is no question that the animals of Burma and Malaya are descended, at least in part, from Mongolian stock; yet, these creatures are not native to any of those nations. Even the well-known Manipur breed can trace their lineage back to this region.
The nomads who own these ponies breed a vast number of them, but they do not make any special efforts to improve the stock, and they certainly do not waste any time or money on feeding them. The pony has no choice but to subsist on whatever it can find to eat, which is not very much and can be quite challenging. As a direct consequence of this, the teeth are typically quite severely worn down. Breeders will always choose the animals that will become stallions, but they won’t give any consideration to the mares.
The height of a Mongolian stallion can range anywhere from 12.2 hands to 13.3 hands on average, but the average is about 13.1 hands. The northern districts appear to have the most favorable heights, while the eastern districts appear to have the lowest heights along the border with China.
They have strong necks, deep chests, well-sprung ribs, nice quarters and loins, and plenty of bone in their legs. Their heads and shoulders are hefty, and their eyes are smaller. They have good quarters and loins, and plenty of bone in their legs.
Even though their hooves are as hard as iron, they tend to become unusually worn since the terrain is so stony and difficult. Coats are long and shaggy, manes and crests are rough, and the animal has flowing forelocks and tails that sweep the ground. At the base of the tails is where the thickest hair can be found.
Overview
Burmese (Shan) Horse Breed
In the majority of the countries that are located east of the Bay of Bengal, including Burma, Annam, Thailand, the Malay peninsula and Islands, the Liu Kiu Islands, and a large portion of China, the only breeds of horses that can be found are miniature varieties that are classified as ponies. These include the Liu Kiu Islands.
It is believed that the Burmese or Shan ponies, which are mainly, if not exclusively, bred by the hill tribes of the Shan States, in the interior of the country, are nearly related to the Mongolian breed, despite probably being modified by the infusion of foreign blood. This is because the hill tribes of the Shan States live in mountainous regions. They are around the same height as Mongolians and are powerful and active, albeit moving quite slowly for their size. They are about the same size as Mongolians. Polo, a sport of which Manipur is one of the original homes, is played on the still-smaller but closely related Manipur ponies, who are known for their incredible speed and are used by their owners in the sport.
Spiti and Bhutia Horse Breed
Anyone who has traveled to Kashmir, Ladakh, or towards the borders of Nepal is likely to be familiar with the sight of long strings of pack-ponies plodding patiently and securely under enormous loads up and down the narrow, dizzy paths of the Himalayas. These pack-ponies have a characteristic short, quickstep, head down and appearing to be half asleep, but are always on the alert to nip somebody or something.
Once you have ridden a hill-pony of the Himalayas, you do not easily forget it, especially that terrifying habit they all have of keeping always to the extreme edge of a mountain path so that one leg dangles over several hundred feet of nothingness. He will probably have used them himself for carrying his own kit and will have ridden them. Once you have ridden a hill-pony of the Himalayas, you do not easily forget it. Because the animal is accustomed to carrying a big pack on either side of his body, he keeps to the outside of a track in order to avoid bumping against the cliff wall on the inner side. The explanation for this is obvious in that the animal is used to carrying a wide pack on either side of his body.
It is convenient to discuss the Spiti and Bhutia breeds of hill pony together because their general characteristics are the same across the Himalayas and the highlands of central Asia, and their origin is almost certainly Mongolian. However, there are two distinct breeds of hill pony in India: the Spiti and the Bhutia. Both of these breeds are found in India. The former receives its name from the Spiti tract, which is a particularly mountainous region that is located in the Kangra District between Kulu, which is where the apples come from, and the central spine of the Himalayas.
The locals have a healthy trade in these animals with the neighboring hill districts and states, and it even extends into Tibet. One of the primary sources of revenue for the locals is the breeding of these creatures, and they even sell some of them to Tibet. The breeding is carried out in tiny groups of two or three mares, and never more than six in total, and is mostly controlled by one tribe known as the Kanyats, who are members of a high caste within the Hindu religion. The Kanyats are extremely proud of their inherited calling and assert that they are able to identify representatives of this breed amidst an unidentified herd of regular hill ponies.
Mares have their first foal around the age of four, and the months of March and April are designated as the foaling months. Mares and their young receive very little attention when it comes to their care, and instead, they subsist on whatever they can find to eat on the mountain sides. To maintain a manageable population size, inbreeding is encouraged and practiced; typically, offspring are bred with their own parents rather than with their siblings.
The Spiti is a miniature horse that is rugged, stocky, capable of carrying a substantial amount of weight, and has excellent footing. It has a strong, short back, short legs with good bone, and hard, round feet. Its head is intelligent, and it has ears that are remarkably pointed. The shoulders are strong and relatively straight, the ribs are well sprung, and the quarters are well developed. The neck is short and thick, and it narrows slightly as it gets closer to the head. It is the only species that can survive in the bitterly freezing altitudes of the Himalayas, but in spite of its difficult existence, it is brimming with personality and humor, as well as being relentless and seemingly invincible.
Some areas of Nepal and other Himalayan regions, ranging from Punjab to Darjeeling, are responsible for the breeding of the Bhutia pony. It shares many of the same qualities as the Spiti, with the exception that it is significantly larger, averaging 13 to 13.2 hands as opposed to the latter’s 12 hands. Both breeds have a predominance of the colors grey and iron-grey in their coats.
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